VitalMatrix
MineralsModerate

Copper

Also known as Copper bisglycinate

Copper is a trace mineral needed for iron metabolism, connective tissue, and antioxidant enzymes. Most people get enough from food, but its main supplemental role is to offset the copper depletion caused by long-term high-dose zinc.

Mineral balanceAntioxidant

Benefits

Balances high-dose zinc

Moderate

Prevents the copper deficiency that chronic zinc supplementation can cause.

Supports iron metabolism

Moderate

Required for enzymes that mobilize and use iron properly.

Pros & cons

Pros

  • Cheap insurance alongside zinc
  • Needed in only tiny amounts

Cons

  • Rarely needed on its own
  • Narrow safe range

Side effects

Toxicity if over-supplemented

Excess copper can cause nausea and, rarely, liver issues.

Moderate

How to take it

Typical dose

1–2 mg per day, typically paired with zinc

Timing

With food

Common forms

BisglycinateGluconate

Tip: A common ratio is roughly 1 mg copper per 10–15 mg of supplemental zinc.

What the research says

Copper-zinc balance

Moderate

Maintaining copper intake offsets the copper depletion seen with sustained high-dose zinc.

Nutrition reviews · 2015View research

How it connects

Relationships between Copper and other supplements in the matrix.

Use with care
Zinc

Zinc and copper compete and balance each other — add copper when taking high-dose zinc long-term.

Compare the pairing
See it on the matrix

More Minerals